Context: The Election Commission has announced the schedule for the biennial Rajya Sabha election to fill eight seats—six from Tamil Nadu and two from Assam.
About the Biennial Rajya Sabha Election
The Rajya Sabha is the Upper House of Parliament, representing the States and Union Territories. It is a permanent body, and elections are held periodically to fill the seats of retiring members.
Term and Membership
- Total Strength: Up to 250 members (currently 245).
- Elected Members: 233 from States and UTs.
- Nominated Members: 12 by the President (experts in literature, art, science, or social service).
- Tenure: Each member serves a six‑year term.
- Retirement: One‑third of members retire every two years.
Election Process
Indirect Elections
- Conducted via proportional representation by means of the single transferable vote.
- State MLAs elect representatives from States.
- UT Electoral Colleges elect members from Union Territories (Delhi, Puducherry, J&K).
Bye‑Elections
- Held when a seat becomes vacant before the term ends.
- The newly elected member serves the remainder of the predecessor’s term.
Qualifications for Rajya Sabha Membership (Article 84)
- Must be a citizen of India.
- Must be at least 30 years of age.
- Must make and subscribe to an oath of office (Third Schedule).
- Must meet any other qualifications prescribed by law.
Disqualifications
A person can be disqualified from membership of the Rajya Sabha if:
- They hold an office of profit under the government.
- They are declared unsound of mind by a competent court.
- They are insolvent.
- They have been convicted of certain offences and sentenced to imprisonment.
